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《写给大家看的CSS书(第2版)] (Stylin with CSS 2nd edition)_Charles Wyke-Smith编著》介绍

AcknowledgementsA book like this is never asolo effort and thanks goto publisherNancy Rue nz el at Peachpit for encouraging me to write this secondedition， Editor-in-Chief Nancy Davis for her insightful advice andgood humor， and to Michael Nolan， New Riders Acquisition Editorfor once again setting everything in motion.On the productionteam， ] want to thank my development editor， Marta lust ak for herinput and direction as we thrashed the book into shape； productioneditor， Hilal Sala， for her grace and constant encouragement； DavidVanNess， the compositor， for his car c in laying out the pages， andDoug Adrian son for his detailed proofing A special thanks goes tomy technical reviewer， Virginia DeBolt for her skilled rev icw of mycode and the related text.Thanks next to all the readers of the first edition who wrote to mewith ideas and fc ed back I hope that I understood and have deliv-ered on what you were looking for， and do keep on writing to mewith your suggestions and sending me the URLs of your sitesAtBenefitfocus.comwhere I work.I want to thank my boss， VP ofEnterprise Product Strategy Nancy Sansom， forgiving me the flex-ibility I needed to write this book， for her constant energy and guid-ance in my work， and forgiving me the opportunity to work for areally amazing company T also want to thank Benefit focus'CEO，Shawn Jenkins， and COO.Jerry Lepore， for their support and leader-ship， and for building and running the best organization I have everworked in.

A big shout-out goes to the talented and creative members of theUser Experience Group team who I am privileged to manage andlearn from-they are Brad Bonham， Darin Cavenaugh， DanielNadeau， Michael Rosier， Mike Attis a no， Leah Gi orlando， TonyMalata nos， and Matt Me grue.T also really enjoy the challenge ofbeing part of the Product Strategy team， which includes the inven-tive minds of Raymond Minnis， Nathan Reel， John“Coach Wilson，Kinsey Ra we， and Mike Full an， Lets next mention some otherpeople who make working at Be nel it focus fun and exciting：NinaSossamon-Pogue， Andrew Alberico， Elena Tudor， Will DeupreeMan on Husman， Kelli Hicks， Tracey Snyder， Annmarie Fini， MichellePage l， NateD a Pore， Randy Chitwood， Glenn Miller， HeatherNorton， Rebecca Laney， PaulS part ow， Robert Moss， Don Taylor， andJonathan Chandler I appreciate your inspiration， friendship， andsupport everydayIlI save the last and biggest thankyou for my wife， Beth.She reallystepped up to help me with this book and her graphicdesign andwriting skills are on every single page.She checked my grammar，clarified my explanations， and re-punctuated my paragraph-lengthrun-on sentences that I like so much.She also laid out the diagrams，designed the Stylin'with CSS Website that is featured in Chapter 7(I wouldnt have made my photo so big but otherwise， nice job，Sweetie l) ， and generally ensured that complete and coherent chap-ters went to the editor the first time This book is whatever it is inlarge part due to her unceasing attention to detail and constructivesuggestions for improvements.Thanks， my love.Finaly to my two lovely daughters， Jemma and Lucy I want to sayyou both have been incredibly patient and understanding whileyour daddy has been writing， and now we can go and get icecreamagain on Saturday morning sl

About the AuthorCharles Wyke-Smith has been creating Websites since 1994 andiscurrentlyDirectorofUserExperienceatBenefitfocus.com(www.benfitfocus.com] ， a SouthCarolina software company thatprovides online benefits enrollment for over 40 million peoplethrough the nations major healthcare insurance companies，and that also develops consumer healthcare Websites， includingICyou.comandiHealthfocus.com.In 1986， he started PRINTZ Electronic Design， which was the firstall-computerized design hous c in SanFrancisco.Charles has workedas a Webdesign consultant for such companies as WellsFargo， ESPNVideogames， and the University of California， SanFrancisco.Anaccomplished speaker and instructor， he has taught multimedia andinterface design and spoken at many industry conferences.Charles lives in Charleston， SC， with his wife， Beth， and twodaughters.In his spare time， he composes and records music inhis home studio.

IntroductionIts hard to beleve its been over three years since I wrote the firstedition of Stylin'with CSS.In the intervening time， I have beeninvolved in the development of numerous Websites and havefine-tuned the way I use CSS in the process.I intended to makea few small adjustments to this book for the second edition tocover IE 7 and generally bring it uptodate， but I ended up makingnumerous improvements to the first three chapters and completelyrewriting the rest of the book.What should have taken weeks tookalmost ay car.The changes I have made reflect the inevitable improvement tothe skills of anyone who works constantly with CSS， and thesechanges also more deeply address two skills that ali programmersneed to master：to avoid rewriting code that they have previouslywritten elsewhere， and to learn to write code in the most economi-cal way possible， Ways in which you can achieve these two worthygoals in your own work a represented throughout this new editionof the book.

Reuse and DRYThe first goal， re-use of code， is a theme that Iexplore in severalchapters Is how techniques that let me create building blocks offunctionality， whether that is the skeleton framework of a page lay-out or a nicely styled list of links， and store them as CSS classes thatcan be quickly attached to my markup and modified for the specificusc.I've started to add these building blocks to a code library I callSry lib that contains all kinds of interlace elements， organized as CSScode with its associated XHTML markup.l have included this librarywith the downloadable code examples for the book on the Website，www.stylinwithcss.comIt'satanearlystagebutalreadycontainsmany useful components that have saved me hours of developmentwork， and T hope will do the same for you.I wil continue to publishnew code for this library and make it available for download.The other goal.economy of code， is another theme that runsthrough this new edition.For example， by adding a style at thehighest possible level in the document hierarchy， that style canthen influence numerous elements.I often see CSS stylesheetsthat declare the same font-family on every heading and paragraph，but adding that font-fam nil y to the top-level body tag means youonly write and maintain that style in one place The underlyingconcept is a programming maxim known as DRY， meaning DontRepeat Yourself We will look at many other examples ike this inthe chapters ahead.

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《写给大家看的CSS书(第2版)] (Stylin with CSS 2nd edition)_Charles Wyke-Smith编著》目录

Content， Structure， and Presentation·5

The Times They AreA-Changing·7

The Way We Were.7

The Future Just Happened·9

XHTML and HowTo Write It w 10

XHTML-The Rules·ll

An XHTML Template·16

Marking Up Your Content·18

Document Flow-Block and In linc Elements·18

DocumentHierarchy：MeettheXHTMLFamily·24

The ThreeWays to Style Your Document·28

Inline Styles·28

Embedded Styles.29

Linked Styles·30

Anatomy of a CSSRule·32

Writing CSS Rules·33

Targeting Tags Within the Document Hierarchy·34

Using Contextual Selectors·34

Working with Child Selectors·38

Adding Classes and IDsm 39

Introducing IDs·43

The Difference Between IDs and Classes·44

Specialized Selectors·45

Summary of Selectors·48

Pseudo-Classes·49

Anchor Link Pseudo-Classes·49

Other Useful Pseudo Classes·51

Pseudo-Elements·52

Inheritance·54

The Cascade·55

Sources of Styles55

The Cascade Rules·56

Rule Declarations·60

Numerical Values·60

Color Values . 63

Specifying Fonts in CSS·68

Introducing Font Collections·69

Exploring Font Families·71

Using Embedded Styles(for Now)·73

Setting the FontFamily for the Entire Page·74

Sizing Fonts·76

Inherited Styles in Nested Tags·79

Font Properties·81

Font-Style Property·81

Font-Weight Property·82

Font-Variant Property83

The Font Property Shorthand·84

Text Properties·84

Text-Indent Property·86

Letter-Spacing Property·88

Word-Spacing Property·89

Text-Decoration Property·90

Text-Align Property·9l

Line-Height Property·92

Text Transform Property·93

Vertical-Align Property·94

Using Font and Text Styles . 96

CHAPTER4：POSITIONINGELEMENTS

CHAPTER5：BASICPAGELAYOUT

Understanding the Box Model·102

The Box Border·103

The Box Padding.1D 6

The BoxMargins·106

Collapsing Margins·108

How Big Is a Box?·109

Floating and Clearing·114

The Float Property.114

The Clear Property·116

The Position Property·120

Static Positioning·120

Relative Positioning·12I

Absolute Positioning . 122

Fixed Positioning·123

Positioning Context·124

The Display Property·127

PositioningDisplay Example·128

Some Multi-Column Layouts·136

Introducing Styli b-the Stylin'Library·139

Width Matters·139

Floated Versus Absolutely-Positioned Layouts·140

A Simple Two-Column Fixed-Width Layout·141

Know Your Inner Diy. 146

Prevent Unwanted Overflow·146

Freely Style Your Inner Divs·147

Styling the Text·147

A Simple Two-Column Liquid Layout·147

Use a Little Constraint·149

To Float or Not To Float?. 150

A Three-Column Fixed-Width Layout·151

A Three-Column Liquid Layout·15s

Making All the Columns the Same Length·159

Faux Columns·160

Programmatically Extend Columns f and Round Their

Corners!·164

An Absolutely-Positioned Layout·168

Styling Tables·176

Styling Forms·189

How Forms Work . 189

Form Markup·190

Form Styling·198

Styling Lists and Menus·205

Lists·205

Creating CSS-Based Menus·217

The Stylin'Site·232

Setting Up the Folder Structure·234

Creating the Site Architecture·236

Copy the Required CSS Files from the Library·239

The e import Rule·239

The Text and Colors StyleSheet·243

The Page Markup·248